UPSC CDS 2022(I)

Folk Motifs in Buddhist Art

Authentic Past Paper Standard Evaluation

Which of the following statements about sculptures at Sanchi is/are correct? 1. In some sculptures there is representation of Shalabhanjika. 2. The figure of Shalabhanjika is represented by a woman surrounded by lotuses and elephants. 3. The Shalabhanjika motif was not directly inspired by Buddhist ideas. Select the correct answer using the code given below:

Solution & Analysis

Answer: D

Concept Early Buddhist art often incorporated pre-existing indigenous symbols and motifs, such as fertility spirits, to make the new faith more relatable to local populations.

Explanation Shalabhanjika is a motif showing a woman holding the branch of a tree (like a Sal tree). At Sanchi, these are found on the toranas (gateways). These figures represent fertility spirits and were included in the Buddhist site as decorative and auspicious symbols of the local folk tradition.

Logical Breakup
Logic 1: Statement 1 is correct; she is famously depicted on the gateways of Stupa 1.
Logic 2: Statement 2 is incorrect; Shalabhanjika is defined by the 'tree' pose. The woman surrounded by elephants is 'Gajalakshmi'.
Logic 3: Statement 3 is correct; the motif originated from folk beliefs about women causing trees to bloom with their touch, not from core Buddhist scriptures.

Active Recall

Question

What does the Shalabhanjika pose symbolize in ancient Indian culture?

Answer

It symbolizes fertility and the blooming of life, derived from the belief that a touch of a maiden could make trees flower.

Core Insight

The inclusion of Shalabhanjika at Sanchi illustrates the 'absorption' of popular non-Buddhist imagery into early Buddhist architecture.