UPSC CSE Pre. 1993

Ancient Indian Scientific Literature

Authentic Past Paper Standard Evaluation

Among the four works mentioned below which one is encyclopedic in nature?

Solution & Analysis

Answer: C

Concept An encyclopedia (Samhita) aims to synthesize all known information in a specific field or across disciplines at a given time.

Explanation Varahamihira's Brihat Samhita (6th century) covers 106 chapters spanning astronomy, astrology, gemology, architecture, agriculture, and animal husbandry.

Logical Breakup
Option C is Correct: Its sheer breadth of non-religious, technical subjects makes it the quintessential ancient encyclopedia.
Option A: Amarakosha is a dictionary/thesaurus.
Option B: Siddhantasiromani is strictly mathematical/astronomical.
Option D: Ashtangahidayam is specialized in Ayurvedic medicine.

Active Recall

Question

What is the meaning of 'Samhita' in this context?

Answer

It means a compendium or collection of knowledge compiled systematically.

Core Insight

The Brihat Samhita reflects the advanced state of observational sciences in 6th-century India, particularly in meteorology and hydrology.