48th-52nd BPSC (Pre) 2008

Mughal Agrarian Administration

Authentic Past Paper Standard Evaluation

Meaning of 'Batai' in Medieval period?

Solution & Analysis

Answer: B

Concept In the Mughal period, the state used several methods to assess agricultural taxes. Batai was one of the oldest and simplest forms of tax collection, ensuring the state took its share directly from the actual produce.

Explanation Batai, also known as Galla-bakhshi, was a system of crop-sharing. Under this method, the harvested grain was divided into three equal shares, with the government taking one share as revenue. This system allowed peasants to pay their taxes in either cash or kind.

Logical Breakup
Logic 1: Unlike the Zabt system which required physical land measurement, Batai focused on the actual yield.
Logic 2: Variations included Kankut (estimation of the standing crop) and Nasaq (using past records), but Batai remained the most direct method of sharing the harvest.

Active Recall

Question

How did Batai differ from the Zabt system?

Answer

Batai was based on sharing the actual harvest, while Zabt was based on land measurement and average prices over ten years.

Core Insight

The Batai system was the most 'peasant-friendly' as the tax fluctuated with the actual harvest, providing relief during bad seasons.