CDS 2020 (I)

Ancient Moral Literature

Authentic Past Paper Standard Evaluation

Which one of the following statements about the 'famous text of Panchatantra' is correct?

Solution & Analysis

Answer: D

Concept The Panchatantra is the premier example of 'Niti-shastra' (political ethics) in ancient India, designed to educate princes in statecraft through relatable narratives.

Explanation Attributed to Vishnusharma, the text is structured into five frames (Tantras) that use anthropomorphic animals to provide a practical guide on diplomacy, friendship, and caution.

Logical Breakup
Logic 1: Option D is correct because the text is 'didactic'—its primary goal is to provide moral and political lessons on 'what should and should not be done'.
Logic 2: It is not a formal scientific or linguistic text, nor is it a polemical philosophical treatise; it is a guidebook for worldly success and ethical living.

Active Recall

Question

What does the name 'Panchatantra' signify?

Answer

It means 'Five Principles' or 'Five Books', referring to the thematic divisions of the text like Friend-Loss and Friend-Gain.

Core Insight

The Panchatantra uses the 'frame story' technique to bridge complex political strategy with accessible folk wisdom.