Authentic Past Paper Standard Evaluation
With reference to the religious history of India, consider the following statements: 1. Sthaviravadins belong to Mahayana Buddhism. 2. Lokottaravadin sect was an offshoot of Mahasanghika sect of Buddhism. 3. The deification of Buddha by Mahasanghikas fostered Mahayana Buddhism. Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
Solution & Analysis
Answer: B
Concept
Following the Second Buddhist Council, the Sangha split into two major groups: the conservative Sthaviravadins and the more liberal Mahasanghikas.Explanation
Historical records from the 4th Council and early texts confirm that Sthaviravadins were the precursors to Theravada (Hinayana), while Mahasanghikas developed the concept of the 'Lokottara' (supramundane) Buddha.Logical Breakup
Logic 1: Statement 1 is incorrect. Sthaviravadins belong to the Hinayana (Theravada) tradition, not Mahayana.
Logic 2: Statement 2 is correct. The Lokottaravadins were a specific school under the Mahasanghikas who believed the Buddha was transcendental.
Logic 3: Statement 3 is correct. By treating Buddha as a divine, eternal being (deification), the Mahasanghikas paved the way for Mahayana's worship-based practices.