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R.A.S./R.T.S. Prelims 2021

Jaina Epistemology

Authentic Past Paper Standard Evaluation

Which of the following Doctrines are associated with Jainism? (i) Anekantavada (ii) Sarvastivada (iii) Sunyavada (iv) Syadvada

Solution & Analysis

Answer: A

Concept Jainism's unique contribution to epistemology is the recognition that truth and reality are multi-dimensional and cannot be expressed in absolute singular terms.

Explanation Anekantavada is the metaphysical principle that reality has multiple aspects. Syadvada is the logical application of this, asserting that all judgments are relative (using 'Syat' or 'perhaps').

Logical Breakup
Logic 1: Statements (i) and (iv) are correct. They form the core of Jaina logic.
Logic 2: Sarvastivada (ii) is a school of early Buddhism (Theravada/Vaibhashika). Sunyavada (iii) is the 'Emptiness' doctrine of Mahayana Buddhism founded by Nagarjuna.

Active Recall

Question

What does 'Anekantavada' prevent in intellectual discourse?

Answer

It prevents dogmatism (Ekantavada) by forcing the acknowledgment that different perspectives can hold partial truths.

Core Insight

Anekantavada is often described as the 'Philosophy of Non-violence' at the intellectual level, promoting tolerance for diverse views.

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