UPSC CSE Pre. 1996

Ancient Indian Legal Systems

Authentic Past Paper Standard Evaluation

Which one of the following texts of ancient India allows divorce to a wife deserted by her husband?

Solution & Analysis

Answer: D

Concept Contrary to the rigid prohibitions of later Dharmashastras, earlier political treatises recognized practical social needs like divorce (Moksha).

Explanation Kautilya’s Arthashastra provides specific conditions under which a marriage could be dissolved, especially in cases of long-term desertion or mutual enmity.

Logical Breakup
Option D is Correct: The text uses the term 'Moksha' to describe the release from the marital tie under secular law.
Analytical Note: Unlike the Manusmriti (Manavadharmashastra) which generally considers marriage indissoluble, the Arthashastra focuses on social welfare and contractual realism.

Active Recall

Question

How did the Arthashastra view the status of women in marriage?

Answer

It recognized women's right to property (Stridhana) and provided legal avenues for protection against abandonment.

Core Insight

The Arthashastra represents a 'secular' legal strand in ancient India that prioritized pragmatism over religious dogma.