U.P. Lower Sub. Special Prelims 2002

Medieval Scholarship and Indology

Authentic Past Paper Standard Evaluation

The first Muslim who studied Puranas was-

Solution & Analysis

Answer: C

Concept Intellectual curiosity in medieval India often led foreign scholars to deeply engage with Indic texts. Al-Biruni is regarded as the first 'Indologist' for his objective study of Indian sciences and religion.

Explanation Al-Biruni came to India with Mahmud of Ghazni in the 11th century. He learned Sanskrit and spent years studying the Puranas, the Gita, and the Vedas, documenting his findings in his monumental work *Tahqiq-i-Hind*.

Logical Breakup
Logic 1: Option C is correct. Unlike most invaders, Al-Biruni sought to understand the 'other' through direct study of primary religious and scientific texts.
Logic 2: While Dara Shikoh (D) also translated the Upanishads, Al-Biruni’s study of the Puranas happened nearly 600 years earlier.

Active Recall

Question

What is the primary subject of Al-Biruni's 'Tahqiq-i-Hind'?

Answer

It is an encyclopedic account of Indian society, religion, philosophy, mathematics, and geography written from a rationalist perspective.

Core Insight

Al-Biruni's work bridged the intellectual gap between the Islamic and Indian worlds, preserving a detailed snapshot of 11th-century Indian life.