UPSC CSE Prelims 1998

Sultanate Fiscal Policy

Authentic Past Paper Standard Evaluation

Fawazil in the Sultanate period meant-

Solution & Analysis

Answer: C

Concept The Iqta system was designed to allow the state to collect revenue through intermediaries (Iqtadars) who maintained military contingents while ensuring the central treasury received its share.

Explanation Satish Chandra explains that after deducting administrative and military expenses, Iqtadars were required to remit the surplus balance (Fawazil) to the central Diwan-i-Wizarat.

Logical Breakup

Logic 1: Fawazil was a tool for centralization. It ensured that Iqtadars did not become too wealthy or independent by hoarding local revenue.

Logic 2: The calculation of Fawazil required rigorous auditing of accounts at the central treasury to prevent embezzlement by the Muqtis/Iqtadars.

Active Recall

Question

How did the calculation of Fawazil change under Ghiyasuddin Tughlaq?

Answer

He adopted a more lenient policy, allowing Iqtadars to keep a small percentage of the surplus (around 5-10%) to encourage better collection and loyalty.

Core Insight

The state's ability to extract 'Fawazil' was a direct indicator of the Sultan's central authority over his provincial governors.

Fawazil in the Sultanate period meant-

Solution & Analysis

Active Recall

Core Insight

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