42nd B.P.S.C. (Pre) 1997

Ancient Revenue Systems

Authentic Past Paper Standard Evaluation

What was the land revenue rate in Gupta age?

Solution & Analysis

Answer: B

Concept The fiscal stability of ancient Indian empires relied heavily on agricultural taxation, which was traditionally determined by a fixed proportion of the total yield.

Explanation During the Gupta period, the standard land revenue rate was fixed at one-sixth of the produce. This share was known as 'Bhaga' and served as the primary source of state income.

Logical Breakup
Logic 1: The administration of these taxes was overseen by officials like Kumaramatyas, ensuring funds for infrastructure and religious grants.
Logic 2: This 1/6th rate (Shadbhaga) was consistent with the recommendations of many Dharmashastras of the period.
Logic 3: Other rates like 1/4th or 1/2 (Options A and D) were usually reserved for times of emergency or specific types of high-yield crops.

Active Recall

Question

What was the term used for the king's share of produce?

Answer

The term 'Bhaga' was used to denote the king's customary share of the agricultural harvest.

Core Insight

The relatively moderate rate of one-sixth contributed to the general prosperity and agricultural expansion characteristic of the 'Golden Age'.