Anti-defection Concept

Deep Dive: UPSC Practice

With reference to various Constitutional Amendments and their subject matter, consider the following pairs: Constitutional Amendments — Subject matter 1. 42nd Amendment Act,1976 — Deleted Fundamental right to property 2. 52nd Amendment Act, 1985 — Anti defection law 3. 61st Amendment Act,1989 — Reduced voting age from 21 to 18 4. 100th Amendment Act,2015 — Replaced collegium system with National Judicial Appointments Commission How many pairs given above are correct?