53rd-55th BPSC (Pre) 2011

Liberalism in Mughal Governance

Authentic Past Paper Standard Evaluation

Which Muslim ruler abolished pilgrimage tax?

Solution & Analysis

Answer: D

Concept Discriminatory taxes on non-Muslim subjects were a standard feature of medieval sultanates. Abolishing them was a radical political act used by Akbar to integrate the majority Hindu population into the state.

Explanation Akbar abolished the pilgrimage tax in 1563. He made this decision while visiting Mathura, after realizing that charging people to visit their holy sites was unjust and morally wrong. This was followed by the abolition of Jizya in 1564.

Logical Breakup
Logic 1: Akbar believed that the state should not profit from the religious devotion of its subjects.
Logic 2: These early reforms were the foundation of his 'Sulh-i-Kul' (Universal Peace) policy, which transformed the Mughal Empire from a conquering force into a stable Indian state.

Active Recall

Question

What was the pilgrimage tax?

Answer

It was a fee imposed on non-Muslims for traveling to religious festivals or sacred pilgrimage sites like Banaras or Mathura.

Core Insight

The abolition of the pilgrimage tax was Akbar's first major step toward 'Indianizing' the Mughal throne by removing the legal inferiority of non-Muslims.