41st B.P.S.C. (Pre) 1996

Early South Indian History

Authentic Past Paper Standard Evaluation

Which of the following dynasties is not mentioned in Sangam literature?

Solution & Analysis

Answer: A

Concept Sangam literature focuses on the three major power centers of the Tamil country, providing a historical and poetic record of their rule.

Explanation The 'Three Crowned Kings' (Chera, Chola, and Pandya) are the central figures of Sangam poetry. The Kadamb dynasty ruled parts of modern Karnataka and is not part of this Tamil literary canon.

Logical Breakup
Option A is Correct: The Kadambas emerged later and in a different geographical zone (Banavasi) compared to the 'Muuvendhar'.
Logic: The Cheras ruled the west coast (Kerala), Cholas the east coast (Tanjore), and Pandyas the south (Madurai).

Active Recall

Question

Who were the 'Muuvendhar'?

Answer

They were the three principal dynasties—Chera, Chola, and Pandya—celebrated in Sangam literature.

Core Insight

Sangam literature acts as the primary historical anchor for the cultural and political identity of the Tamil people.