Authentic Past Paper Standard Evaluation
Which of the following indicates taxes levied on the land product? i. Kharaj ii. Khums iii. Ushr iv. Muktai Select your answer from the following codes.
Solution & Analysis
Answer: D
Concept
The Sultanate fiscal system classified taxes based on their source. Land revenue was the most critical revenue stream, with different terms applied depending on the ownership or administrative level.Explanation
Kharaj was the standard land tax (often 50% for non-Muslims), and Ushr was a smaller land tax (1/10th) levied on lands held by Muslims. Muktai (or Muqtai) was land tax collected by provincial governors. Khums, however, was a tax on war booty (20% to the state), not land.Logical Breakup
Logic 1: i, iii, and iv are correct as they all refer to agricultural revenue.
Logic 2: Option ii (Khums) is incorrect because it relates to 'ghanima' (loot from war), where the Sultan took 1/5th and the soldiers kept 4/5ths.