Jharkhand P.C.S. Prelims 2013

Late Indian Buddhism

Authentic Past Paper Standard Evaluation

Which form of Buddhism was prominent during the Sultanate period?

Solution & Analysis

Answer: C

Concept By the late ancient and early medieval periods, Buddhism in India had largely transformed into highly ritualistic and tantric forms.

Explanation Vajrayana (The Diamond Vehicle) was the final major phase of Buddhism in India (flourishing from the 8th to 12th centuries). It remained the primary form existing in regional pockets when the Sultanate period began.

Logical Breakup
Vajrayana (C): Emphasized mantras, mudras, and rituals to achieve rapid enlightenment. It was the form practiced at universities like Vikramshila.
Note on Sultanate Period: This question is technically about the *transition* era, as Buddhism significantly declined after the 12th-century destruction of monasteries.

Active Recall

Question

What is the 'Thunderbolt Vehicle' (Vajrayana) known for?

Answer

It is known for incorporating esoteric practices, including yoga, visualizations, and secret mantras to attain Buddhahood.

Core Insight

Vajrayana represented a fusion of Buddhist philosophy and indigenous Tantric rituals, which later migrated heavily to Tibet.