Jharkhand P.C.S. Prelims 2016

Sufism in India

Authentic Past Paper Standard Evaluation

The most orthodox Sufi order was-

Solution & Analysis

Answer: C

Concept While many Sufi orders were syncretic and flexible, the Naqshbandi Silsila emerged as a champion of Islamic orthodoxy and strict adherence to the Sharia.

Explanation Founded by Baha-ud-Din Naqshband, this order rejected the music and dance (Sama) of the Chishtis, preferring 'Zikr-i-Khafi' (silent remembrance). In India, it was further radicalized by Sheikh Ahmad Sirhindi against the liberal policies of Akbar.

Logical Breakup
Logic 1: Option C is correct. The Naqshbandis prioritized the literal interpretation of Islamic law over mystical ecstasy.
Logic 2: They opposed the veneration of graves and shrines, considering them 'bidat' (innovations) that deviated from pure Islam.

Active Recall

Question

How did the Naqshbandi order influence Indian politics?

Answer

It acted as a conservative check on Mughal rulers, advocating for the state to be governed strictly according to Islamic law.

Core Insight

The Naqshbandi order shows that Sufism was not a monolithic movement of peace and poetry; it included rigorous intellectual and legalistic streams as well.