Jharkhand P.C.S. Pre 2003

Akbari Architecture

Authentic Past Paper Standard Evaluation

Which monument built by Akbar architected alike Buddhist Monastery?

Solution & Analysis

Answer: A

Concept Akbar’s architecture was famously syncretic, drawing inspiration from various Indian traditions. The Panch Mahal is a striking example of how he incorporated ancient Buddhist structural designs into his Mughal capital.

Explanation The Panch Mahal at Fatehpur Sikri is a five-storied, open-pillared structure. It is said that Akbar was inspired by the multistoried tiered designs of the Nalanda Buddhist University. Its layout, where each floor decreases in size as it ascends, closely resembles a Buddhist monastery.

Logical Breakup
Logic 1: Known as the 'Wind-Catcher Tower,' it was designed for air circulation to keep the royal ladies cool during the summer.
Logic 2: The ground floor has 84 columns, a number often significant in Indian numerology, and the tiers culminate in a single domed pavilion on the top floor.

Active Recall

Question

Why is the Panch Mahal also called a 'Wind Tower'?

Answer

It is an entirely open structure with pillars and no walls, designed to catch the breeze from all directions for the comfort of the zenana (women's quarters).

Core Insight

The Panch Mahal illustrates Akbar’s 'Indianization' of Mughal style, opting for the tiered, pillared simplicity of ancient Indian schools over traditional Persian closed-palace models.