UPSC CSE Pre 2014

Martial Arts and Performing Traditions

Authentic Past Paper Standard Evaluation

With reference to India's culture and tradition, what is 'Kalaripayattu'?

Solution & Analysis

Answer: D

Concept Kalaripayattu is considered one of the oldest surviving martial arts in the world, integrating combat training, physical exercise, and traditional medicine.

Explanation Traditional ballads (Vadakkan Pattukal) of the Malabar region document the practice and ethical code of Kalaripayattu among the warrior communities of Kerala.

Logical Breakup
Logic 1: It is a traditional martial art originating from Kerala. The word 'Kalari' means battlefield or gymnasium.
Logic 2: It involves both armed (sword, shield, spear) and unarmed combat techniques, along with a focus on 'Marmachikitsa' (vital point therapy).
Logic 3: It is a living tradition, still taught in schools (Kalaris) across Kerala and parts of Tamil Nadu.

Active Recall

Question

How is Kalaripayattu linked to Indian classical dance?

Answer

Many movements and footwork in classical dances like Kathakali and Mohiniyattam are derived from the postures and exercises of Kalaripayattu.

Core Insight

Kalaripayattu is not just combat; it is a holistic system that includes a spiritual discipline and an indigenous system of medicine.