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U.P.P.C.S. (Pre) 2009

Evolution of Musical Instruments

Authentic Past Paper Standard Evaluation

'Tabla' was introduced by:

Solution & Analysis

Answer: B

Concept Medieval Hindustani music underwent a structural change with the introduction of lighter, more versatile percussion instruments suited for the 'Khayal' style.

Explanation Amir Khusrau is traditionally credited with the invention of the Tabla. Legend says he split the ancient Mridangam/Pakhawaj into two pieces to create the Tabla and Dagga.

Logical Breakup
Logic 1: Khusrau wanted an instrument that could keep pace with the fast-moving melodies of his new musical forms.
Logic 2: Alongside the Tabla, he is also credited with inventing the Sitar (derived from the Persian Sehtar) and several Ragas like Yaman and Ghora.

Active Recall

Question

How did the Tabla differ from existing drums like the Pakhawaj?

Answer

The Tabla consists of two separate drums, allowing for greater speed and a wider variety of finger-based stroke techniques compared to the Pakhawaj.

Core Insight

Amir Khusrau’s innovations represented the physical manifestation of the Indo-Persian cultural synthesis in music.

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