UPSC CSE Prelims 2006

Royal Patronage of Religions

Authentic Past Paper Standard Evaluation

Consider the following statements: 1. The Ikshvaku rulers of Southern India were antagonistic towards Buddhism. 2. The Pala rulers of Eastern India were Patrons of Buddhism. Which of the statement(s) given above is/ are correct?

Solution & Analysis

Answer: B

Concept The survival and expansion of Buddhism in India were heavily dependent on the varying degrees of patronage provided by regional dynasties.

Explanation The Pala dynasty (Bengal/Bihar) was the last major royal patron of Buddhism in India, establishing great universities like Vikramashila. The Ikshvakus (Andhra region) were generally Vedic practitioners but not strictly 'antagonistic'.

Logical Breakup
Logic 1: Statement 1 is incorrect. While the Ikshvaku kings followed Brahmanism, their queens and female relatives were famously great patrons of Buddhism, funding several stupas at Nagarjunakonda.
Logic 2: Statement 2 is correct. The Palas (e.g., Dharmapala) were devout Buddhists who fostered the growth of Vajrayana Buddhism and maintained close links with Southeast Asian Buddhist kingdoms.

Active Recall

Question

Which major Buddhist university was founded by the Pala king Dharmapala?

Answer

Vikramashila University, which became a leading center for Buddhist learning alongside Nalanda.

Core Insight

The Ikshvaku example shows that religious life in ancient India was often pluralistic, with different members of the same royal household supporting different faiths.