Uttarakhand P.C.S. Prelims 2002

Buddhist Monastic Organization

Authentic Past Paper Standard Evaluation

Whom of the following did Gautam Buddha nominate for the leadership of Buddhist Sangha after his death?

Solution & Analysis

Answer: D

Concept Buddha famously refused to appoint a human successor, choosing instead to leave the community under the guidance of his teachings.

Explanation In the *Mahaparinibbana Sutta*, Buddha told Ananda: 'Let the Dhamma and the Vinaya (discipline) which I have taught and enjoined upon you be your teacher after I am gone.'

Logical Breakup
Logic 1: Option D is correct. There was no single nominated 'Head' or Pope of the Buddhist faith.
Logic 2: While Mahakassapa (B) presided over the First Council and Ananda (A) was his close companion, they were respected elders but not nominated 'leaders' of the global Sangha.

Active Recall

Question

Why did Buddha not appoint a successor?

Answer

He wanted the Sangha to be a democratic community guided by impersonal laws (Dhamma) rather than by the personal authority of a single leader.

Core Insight

The lack of a central leader allowed Buddhism to adapt into many regional forms (Theravada, Mahayana, Zen) while remaining united by the core Dhamma.