UPPCS Pre 2004

Decline through Expansion

Authentic Past Paper Standard Evaluation

Aurangzeb conquered which Deccan states?

Solution & Analysis

Answer: C

Concept Aurangzeb’s Deccan policy aimed at total imperial consolidation. He believed that the destruction of the independent Southern Sultanates was necessary to eliminate centers of resistance and Shia influence.

Explanation Aurangzeb personally led the campaigns that resulted in the conquest of Bijapur in 1686 (defeating Sikandar Shah) and Golconda in 1687 (defeating Abul Hasan Qutb Shah). These were the two last major independent sultanates of the Deccan.

Logical Breakup
Logic 1: Ahmadnagar had been annexed earlier under Shah Jahan, so it was not a conquest unique to Aurangzeb's late-reign campaign.
Logic 2: While successful on paper, these conquests were 'political blunders' because they brought the Mughals into direct, non-stop contact with the Marathas without a buffer state.

Active Recall

Question

Why did the conquest of Golconda take so long?

Answer

The fort of Golconda was virtually impregnable and was only taken after months of siege followed by an internal betrayal.

Core Insight

The annexation of Bijapur and Golconda over-extended Mughal resources, turning the 'Deccan Ulcer' into a fatal wound for the empire.