UPPCS Mains 2009

Early Mughal Consolidation

Authentic Past Paper Standard Evaluation

In which battle did Babur declare 'Jehad'?

Solution & Analysis

Answer: B

Concept Facing a massive Rajput confederacy and a demoralised army, Babur used religious rhetoric to unite and motivate his troops for a desperate struggle.

Explanation At the Battle of Khanwa (1527), Babur declared a Jihad against Rana Sanga of Mewar. He famously smashed his wine cups, vowed never to drink again, and urged his soldiers to fight as 'Ghazis' (Holy Warriors) for their survival in India.

Logical Breakup
Logic 1: At Panipat, he was fighting another Muslim (Ibrahim Lodi), so the Jihad slogan was not applicable.
Logic 2: The overwhelming size of the Rajput army under Rana Sanga made Babur's soldiers fearful; religious zeal was the psychological tool he used to regain control.

Active Recall

Question

What title did Babur take after winning the Battle of Khanwa?

Answer

He assumed the title of 'Ghazi' (Victorious Holy Warrior) to solidify his legitimacy as a protector of the faith.

Core Insight

Babur's use of 'Jihad' was a masterstroke of military psychology, turning a political battle for territory into a spiritual quest for his panicked troops.