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U.P.P.C.S. (Pre) 2010

Ancient Numismatics and Religion

Authentic Past Paper Standard Evaluation

Buddha is depicted on the coins of:

Solution & Analysis

Answer: B

Concept The Kushan period marked a transition from aniconic (symbolic) to anthropomorphic (human form) representation of the Buddha, coinciding with the rise of Mahayana Buddhism.

Explanation Kanishka I (c. 127–150 CE) issued famous 'Boddo' coins. These feature the Buddha standing or sitting, often with the Greek legend 'BODDO', 'SAKAMANO BOUDO' (Shakyamuni Buddha), or 'METRAGO BOUDO' (Maitreya).

Logical Breakup
Logic 1: Kanishka was a fervent patron of Buddhism and convened the Fourth Buddhist Council.
Logic 2: While Vima Kadphises primarily depicted Shiva, Kanishka's coins were the first to systematically include the Buddha alongside a pantheon of Greek, Iranian, and Indian gods.

Active Recall

Question

What does the presence of multiple deities on Kanishka's coins signify?

Answer

It reflects the cultural and religious pluralism of the Kushan Empire, which sat at the crossroads of the Silk Road.

Core Insight

The 'Boddo' coins are among the oldest dated evidence for the human portrayal of the Buddha, paralleling the developments in Gandhara and Mathura sculpture.

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