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U.P.P.C.S. (Pre) 2017

Evolution of Buddhist Iconography

Authentic Past Paper Standard Evaluation

In which of the following rock-cut caves eleven headed Bodhisattava image is depicted?

Solution & Analysis

Answer: C

Concept As Buddhism evolved toward Vajrayana and esoteric forms, multi-headed and multi-armed deities began appearing in rock-cut iconography.

Explanation Located in Cave 41 of the Kanheri complex in Mumbai, this unique image represents Avalokiteshvara with eleven heads. Each head signifies a stage toward enlightenment or the deity's ability to see suffering in all directions.

Logical Breakup
Logic 1: Kanheri is the only major cave site in India featuring this specific 11-headed iconographic form.
Logic 2: While Ajanta and Ellora have extensive Bodhisattva figures, they do not feature this specific multi-headed configuration.

Active Recall

Question

What do the eleven heads of the Bodhisattva symbolize?

Answer

They represent the ten stages of spiritual progress and the final attainment of Buddhahood, showing omnipresent compassion.

Core Insight

Kanheri represents one of the longest-occupied Buddhist sites in India, bridging the gap between early Theravada and later Mahayana/Vajrayana traditions.

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