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UPPCS Mains 2014

Comparative Cosmology

Authentic Past Paper Standard Evaluation

Which of the following religions does not trust in the concept of 'final annihilation of the world'?

Solution & Analysis

Answer: B

Concept Religions vary in their view of 'Eschatology' (the end of the world). While Abrahamic and some Hindu traditions speak of a final end, others see time as an eternal cycle.

Explanation Jainism believes the universe is eternal—it was never created and will never be destroyed. It goes through continuous time cycles (Kalpas) consisting of ascending (Utsarpini) and descending (Avasarpini) eras.

Logical Breakup
Logic 1: Option B is correct. In Jain cosmology, the 'Loka' (universe) changes form but never undergoes absolute, final annihilation (Pralaya).
Logic 2: Hinduism (C) believes in 'Maha Pralaya' (final dissolution). Islam (D) speaks of 'Qayamat' (Judgment Day/End). Buddhism (A) also generally accepts periodic dissolution and renewal.

Active Recall

Question

What are the two major halves of the Jain time cycle called?

Answer

Utsarpini (the era of increasing prosperity and happiness) and Avasarpini (the era of decreasing happiness).

Core Insight

The Jain view of an eternal, uncreated universe aligns with their rejection of a creator God, placing emphasis on the permanence of matter and soul.

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