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UPPCS Prelims 2015

Ancient Indian Political Philosophy

Authentic Past Paper Standard Evaluation

Which one of the following is the seventh part of the State according to Saptang Theory of State?

Solution & Analysis

Answer: C

Concept Kautilya’s Saptanga Theory (Theory of Seven Limbs) defines the state as an organic whole consisting of seven vital components.

Explanation In the *Arthashastra*, the seven elements are: 1. Swami (King), 2. Amatya (Minister), 3. Janapada (Territory/People), 4. Durga (Fort), 5. Kosha (Treasury), 6. Danda (Army), and 7. Mitra (Allies).

Logical Breakup
Logic 1: Option C is correct. The 'Mitra' or Ally is the final limb, signifying the importance of international relations and support systems for a state's survival.
Logic 2: Janapada (A), Durga (B), and Kosha (D) are internal elements that occupy earlier positions in the hierarchical list.

Active Recall

Question

What is the 'Mandala Theory' related to the Saptanga theory?

Answer

It is a diplomatic theory that classifies neighbors as natural enemies and their neighbors as natural allies (Mitra).

Core Insight

The inclusion of 'Mitra' as a vital 'limb' of the state shows Kautilya's pragmatic understanding that no state can flourish in absolute isolation.

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