U.P.P.C.S. (Pre) 2011

Ancient Literature and Patronage

Authentic Past Paper Standard Evaluation

The writer of Mahabhashya 'Patanjali' was contemporary of-

Solution & Analysis

Answer: C

Concept The Shunga period marked a revival of Brahmanical traditions and Sanskrit scholarship following the decline of the Mauryan Empire.

Explanation Patanjali, the author of the *Mahabhashya
(a commentary on Panini’s grammar), lived during the 2nd century BCE. His text mentions the military victories of Pushyamitra Shunga, confirming they were contemporaries.

Logical Breakup
Logic 1: Pushyamitra Shunga (r. 185–149 BCE) founded the Shunga dynasty after overthrowing the last Maurya.
Logic 2: Patanjali is often associated with performing the Ashvamedha sacrifices for Pushyamitra.
Logic 3: The *Mahabhashya* also references contemporary events like the invasions of the Indo-Greek king Menander I.

Active Recall

Question

What is the subject matter of Patanjali's Mahabhashya?

Answer

It is a profound commentary on Panini's Ashtadhyayi, the foundational text of Sanskrit grammar.

Core Insight

Patanjali's presence at the Shunga court highlights the shift back to Sanskrit and Brahmanical rituals as the primary tools of state legitimacy after Ashoka's Buddhist era.