UPSC CSE Prelims 2002

Buddhist Monastic Discipline

Authentic Past Paper Standard Evaluation

In ancient Indian Buddhist monasteries, a ceremony called Pavarana used to be held. It was the:

Solution & Analysis

Answer: B

Concept Monastic discipline in Buddhism required periodic purification through the admission of faults and the seeking of forgiveness from the community.

Explanation Pavarana is held at the end of the 'Vassa' (rainy season retreat). Monks invite one another to point out any seen, heard, or suspected transgressions of the monastic code (Vinaya).

Logical Breakup
Logic 1: Option B is the correct definition. The ceremony ensures harmony and purity within the Sangha after a period of prolonged co-habitation.
Logic 2: Option C describes 'Pabbajja' (initiation). Option D describes the start of the 'Vassa' (Rainy season retreat), not its conclusion ceremony.

Active Recall

Question

What is the purpose of confession in the Sangha?

Answer

It serves to cleanse the mind of guilt, restore ethical integrity, and maintain communal harmony among the monks.

Core Insight

The Pavarana ceremony highlights the democratic and self-correcting nature of the early Buddhist Sangha.