66th B.P.S.C. (Pre) 2020

Mughal Decorative Arts

Authentic Past Paper Standard Evaluation

Pietra dura is related to which of the following?

Solution & Analysis

Answer: A

Concept Pietra Dura (Parchin Kari) is a decorative technique where polished, colored semi-precious stones are inlaid into white marble to create intricate floral and geometric patterns.

Explanation This technique became prominent during the reigns of Jahangir and Shah Jahan. It involved carving shallow grooves into marble and fitting stones like lapis lazuli, turquoise, and carnelian into them with specialized glue. It is most famously seen in the Taj Mahal and the Tomb of Itmad-ud-Daula.

Logical Breakup
Logic 1: Pietra Dura specifically refers to 'hard stone' (inlay) work, distinguishing it from general masonry or structural elements like arches.
Logic 2: It was used as a high-aesthetic finish for imperial tombs and palaces, replacing the simpler tile-work of the earlier period.

Active Recall

Question

In which monument was Pietra Dura first extensively used in India?

Answer

The Tomb of Itmad-ud-Daula in Agra, built by Nur Jahan.

Core Insight

Pietra Dura reflects the Mughal fascination with permanent, jewel-like beauty, ensuring that floral motifs never 'faded' like real gardens.