U.P.P.C.S. (Pre) 1997

Evolution of Sanskrit Literature

Authentic Past Paper Standard Evaluation

The earliest specimen of 'Kavya' style is found in the inscription of:

Solution & Analysis

Answer: A

Concept The transition of Sanskrit from a ritualistic language to a refined literary medium (Kavya) is marked by specific epigraphic breakthroughs.

Explanation The Junagadh Inscription of Rudradaman I (150 CE) is the earliest significant example of the 'Kavya' style in chaste Sanskrit prose. It stands in contrast to the earlier Ashokan inscriptions which were predominantly in Prakrit.

Logical Breakup
Logic 1: It uses sophisticated grammar and literary flourishes typical of classical Sanskrit poetry.
Logic 2: Rudradaman I, though a Saka (foreigner), was a deep patron of Sanskrit literature.
Logic 3: Ashokan inscriptions (Option B) are noted for their simple, moralistic Prakrit, not the refined Kavya Sanskrit.

Active Recall

Question

Why is Rudradaman's inscription considered revolutionary?

Answer

It is the first lengthy official record written in standardized, literary (chaste) Sanskrit instead of Prakrit.

Core Insight

Rudradaman's inscription represents the 'Indianization' of foreign Saka rulers through the adoption of the high Sanskrit literary tradition.