Harappan Religious Life

Indus Valley Worship: Pashupati Shiva Evidence

The Indus Valley people worshipped a male deity identified as Pashupati (an early form of Shiva), alongside nature and the Mother Goddess.

Primary Reference: NCERT Class 12 - Themes in Indian History Part I

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The Indus valley people worshipped-

[Uttarakhand P.C.S. Mains 2006]

Detailed Solution & Historical Context

Concept


Harappan religion is reconstructed through icons and seals that show striking parallels with later Hindu deities.

Authentic Source Evidence

The discovery of the Pashupati Seal at Mohenjo-Daro shows a three-faced figure in a yogic posture, identified by John Marshall as 'Proto-Shiva'.

Analytical Breakdown


  • Shiva (A): Harappans worshipped a male deity often associated with animals (Pashupati) and fertility (Lingas).

  • Exclusions: Indra and Varun (B) were the primary gods of the Vedic period, which came after the Indus Civilization.
  • Conceptual Deep Dive & Logic

    "Which animals surround the figure in the Pashupati seal?"

    An elephant, a tiger, a rhinoceros, and a buffalo, with two deer beneath his throne.

    Examiner's Mindset & Pro-Tip

    "The identification of Pashupati Shiva in Harappa suggests a significant cultural continuity between the Indus Civilization and later Indian religious traditions."

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