[Solved] What is Kalaripayattu? | UPSC Martial Arts Guide

With reference to India's culture and tradition, what is 'Kalaripayattu'?

[UPSC CSE Pre 2014]

Detailed Solution & Historical Context

Concept

Kalaripayattu is considered one of the oldest surviving martial arts in the world, integrating combat training, physical exercise, and traditional medicine.

Authentic Source Evidence

Traditional ballads (Vadakkan Pattukal) of the Malabar region document the practice and ethical code of Kalaripayattu among the warrior communities of Kerala.

Analytical Breakdown

Logic 1: It is a traditional martial art originating from Kerala. The word 'Kalari' means battlefield or gymnasium.

Logic 2: It involves both armed (sword, shield, spear) and unarmed combat techniques, along with a focus on 'Marmachikitsa' (vital point therapy).

Logic 3: It is a living tradition, still taught in schools (Kalaris) across Kerala and parts of Tamil Nadu.

Conceptual Deep Dive & Logic

"How is Kalaripayattu linked to Indian classical dance?"

Many movements and footwork in classical dances like Kathakali and Mohiniyattam are derived from the postures and exercises of Kalaripayattu.

Examiner's Mindset & Pro-Tip

"Kalaripayattu is not just combat; it is a holistic system that includes a spiritual discipline and an indigenous system of medicine."

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