Official Question UPSC 2025
Solution & Analysis
Answer:
Medium Factual Recall
Comparative Federal Structures
Analyze Comparative Federal Structures through official answer keys.
Quick Recall
The federal systems of India and the USA differ fundamentally in citizenship and legislative power. India enforces single citizenship, while the USA allows dual citizenship. Furthermore, the Indian Parliament holds all residuary legislative powers, whereas in the USA, residuary powers are strictly reserved for the states.
Concept Flow Mapping
India
follows
follows
Single Citizenship
USA
allows
allows
Dual Citizenship
Indian Parliament
holds
holds
Residuary Powers
Concept Question
In the United States federal system, which entity holds the residuary powers to make laws?
Key Takeaway
The individual states.
Examiner's Trap
Aspirants might assume that because both are major federations, they handle 'unlisted' powers the same way. The trap is falsely projecting India's centralizing residuary power onto the USA, or projecting the USA's dual citizenship onto India.
Core Insight
The location of residuary powers reveals the founding philosophy of the federation: the US model trusts the periphery (states) with unknown futures, while the Indian model trusts only the center to manage the unknown.