Official UPSC Format

Subsequent to which one of the following events, Gandhiji, who consistently opposed untouchability and appealed for its eradication from all spheres, decided to include the upliftment of 'Harijans' in his political and social programme?

⚡ Quick Recall Snippet

Mahatma Gandhi initiated the Harijan upliftment campaign directly following the Poona Pact in 1932. The agreement with Dr. B. R. Ambedkar replaced separate electorates with reserved seats.

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Detailed Solution & Authority Citations

Correct Answer is Option A
As documented in the 'Collected Works of Mahatma Gandhi', the catalyst for his dedicated social programme was the political fallout of the Communal Award.
  • The Trigger: In 1932, the British announced the Communal Award, granting separate electorates to the 'Depressed Classes'. Gandhi vehemently opposed this, fearing it would permanently fracture Hindu society, and undertook a fast unto death in Yerwada Jail.
  • The Poona Pact (1932): This crisis led to negotiations with Dr. B.R. Ambedkar, culminating in the Poona Pact, which abandoned separate electorates in favor of reserved seats in joint electorates.
  • The Aftermath: Following the pact, Gandhi realized that political agreements were insufficient without profound social reform. He immediately shifted his focus, forming the Harijan Sevak Sangh and launching the journal 'Harijan' to spearhead a nationwide campaign against untouchability.

    • 🚨 The Examiner's Trap

    The Gandhi-Irwin Pact and the 1935 Act were heavily focused on constitutional and administrative negotiations. The Quit India Movement was a late-stage push for absolute independence. Only the Poona Pact dealt explicitly with the political and social status of the 'Depressed Classes'.

    Active Recall Flashcard

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    Which 1932 agreement led Gandhi to establish the Harijan Sevak Sangh?

    The Poona Pact

    Concept Flow Mapping

    Mahatma Gandhi
    Signed
    Poona Pact
    Poona Pact
    Led To
    Harijan Sevak Sangh
    Poona Pact
    Signed With
    Dr. B.R. Ambedkar

    Logic Quest

    "Why did Gandhi oppose the Communal Award's provision for the Depressed Classes?"

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