Official Question UPSC 2026
Which of the following international conventions have not been ratified by India? 1. Employment Policy Convention 2. Abolition of Forced Labour Convention 3. International Convention on the Protection of the Rights of All Migrant Workers and Members of Their Families 4. Geneva Convention Relative to the Protection of Civilian Persons in Time of War 5. Convention on Reduction of Statelessness Select the answer using the code given below:
Solution & Analysis
Answer: D
To solve this question, we must analyze India's official stance on international treaties as recorded in authentic multilateral databases.
•ILO Conventions: According to the official ILO NORMLEX database, India is a strong proponent of fundamental labor rights. It ratified the Employment Policy Convention (1964) in 1998 and the Abolition of Forced Labour Convention (1957) in 2000.
•Human Rights & Migrant Workers: As per the United Nations Treaty Collection (UNTC), India has not signed or ratified the International Convention on the Protection of the Rights of All Migrant Workers and Members of Their Families (1990).
•Wartime Protections: Under the domestic framework of the Geneva Conventions Act, 1960, India ratified the Geneva Convention Relative to the Protection of Civilian Persons in Time of War (1949) as early as 1950.
•Statelessness: Consistently prioritizing sovereign border policy, India has not signed or ratified the Convention on Reduction of Statelessness (1961).
Conclusion: Statements 3 and 5 represent conventions unratified by India. Because the options lacked a perfect "3 and 5" choice, Option D (3, 4, and 5) was the only one available via elimination that included both. Notably, the UPSC officially withdrew this question in its provisional key due to this discrepancy.