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43rd B.P.S.C. (Pre) 1999

Ancient Regional Epigraphy

Authentic Past Paper Standard Evaluation

King Kharavela is related to -

Solution & Analysis

Answer: C

Concept King Kharavela was the greatest ruler of ancient Kalinga, and his legacy is almost entirely preserved through a single monumental rock inscription.

Explanation Kharavela (Chedi/Meghavahana dynasty) is the author of the 'Hathigumpha' (Elephant Cave) inscription in the Udayagiri hills near Bhubaneswar. This 17-line record in Prakrit (Brahmi script) provides a year-by-year account of his 13-year reign, including his conquests, canal repairs, and patronage of Jainism.

Logical Breakup
Logic 1: Hathigumpha is the primary and most comprehensive historical source for the history of Kalinga after Ashoka.
Logic 2: Girnar/Junagarh inscriptions are associated with Rudradaman and Ashoka, not Kharavela.

Active Recall

Question

In which caves is the Hathigumpha inscription located?

Answer

The Udayagiri caves near Bhubaneswar, Odisha.

Core Insight

The inscription provides rare chronological detail, documenting state activities like irrigation and public works in the 2nd century BCE.

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