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CAPF 2020

Ancient Social Structure

Authentic Past Paper Standard Evaluation

Which of the following are prescribed as the duties of Vaishyas according to the Dharmashastras? 1. Studying the Vedas 2. Engaging in trade Select the correct answer:

Solution & Analysis

Answer: C

Concept The Dharmashastras codified the functional duties (Dharma) of the four Varnas to maintain social order.

Explanation According to Manusmriti, the 'Dvijas' (twice-born: Brahmins, Kshatriyas, and Vaishyas) were all entitled and expected to study the Vedas. Additionally, the specific economic duty of Vaishyas was cattle rearing, agriculture, and trade.

Logical Breakup
Vedic Study (1): Correct. Vaishyas were 'Dvija' and underwent the Upanayana (sacred thread ceremony), allowing them to study scriptures.
Trade (2): Correct. Commerce and wealth creation were the primary functional roles assigned to this Varna.

Active Recall

Question

Which Varna was excluded from studying the Vedas?

Answer

The Shudras were the only Varna within the fourfold system who were traditionally barred from studying the Vedas.

Core Insight

The entitlement of Vaishyas to study the Vedas shows that in the early Dharmashastra period, religious education was broad-based among the three higher classes.

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