Chhattisgarh P.C.S. Prelims 2014

Mauryan Administration

Authentic Past Paper Standard Evaluation

According to the 'Arthashastra' of Kautilya the following courts existed in the judicial system of Mauryan Age- 1. Dharmamahamatra, 2. Dharmasthiya, 3. Rajjuka, 4. Kantakshodhana

Solution & Analysis

Answer: D

Concept Kautilya established a two-tier judicial system to handle disputes between individuals and crimes against the state.

Explanation The Arthashastra explicitly mentions two types of courts: Dharmasthiya (Civil Courts) and Kantakshodhana (Criminal Courts, literally 'removal of thorns').

Logical Breakup
Dharmasthiya (2): Managed by three Dharmasthas (judges) dealing with family, property, and contract laws.
Kantakshodhana (4): Managed by three Pradeshtris dealing with crimes like theft, murder, and administrative corruption.
Exclusions: Dharmamahamatras (1) were religious officers appointed by Ashoka, and Rajjukas (3) were district-level revenue and judicial officers, not the primary court designations.

Active Recall

Question

What does the term 'Kantakshodhana' literally mean and imply?

Answer

It means 'clearing of thorns,' implying the state's duty to purge society of criminals and anti-social elements that hinder order.

Core Insight

The separation of civil and criminal jurisdictions in the 3rd century BCE shows a level of legal maturity comparable to modern judicial systems.