upscools
U.P.P.C.S. Prelims 1993

Ancient Economic Transitions

Authentic Past Paper Standard Evaluation

In the ancient period chief-livelihood source of the Aryans was-

Solution & Analysis

Answer: A

Concept The Indo-Aryans transitioned from a semi-nomadic pastoral lifestyle to a settled agricultural economy as they moved into the Gangetic plains.

Explanation While the early Rigvedic tribes were primarily cattle-herders, by the later Vedic period, the 'plough' (Sira) and 'field' (Kshetra) references dominate, marking agriculture as the primary livelihood.

Logical Breakup
Agriculture (A): In the context of 'Ancient Period' (broadly), settled farming was the economic backbone of the Janapadas.
Hunting/Business: These were supplementary activities, not the 'chief' source of sustenance for the mass population.

Active Recall

Question

How did the shift to agriculture change Aryan social structure?

Answer

It led to permanent settlements, the accumulation of land wealth, and the development of a more complex Varna hierarchy.

Core Insight

The 'cow' remained a measure of value, but land and its produce became the physical basis of political power in ancient India.

Practice Navigation