Uttarakhand P.C.S. (Mains) 2006

Buddhist Monastic Art

Authentic Past Paper Standard Evaluation

Which of the following places is famous for Buddhist Cave Temples?

Solution & Analysis

Answer: C

Concept Indian rock-cut architecture reached its aesthetic peak in the secluded Buddhist monastic retreats where monks combined architecture, sculpture, and painting.

Explanation Ajanta (Maharashtra) contains 29 rock-cut caves exclusively dedicated to Buddhism. These caves, dating from 2nd century BCE to 6th century CE, house the finest surviving examples of ancient Indian mural painting and sculpture depicting Jataka stories.

Logical Breakup
Logic 1: Elephanta is primarily Shaivite (Hindu); Khajuraho is Hindu and Jain; Nalanda is a structural university rather than a 'cave temple'.
Logic 2: Ajanta is the definitive site for 'Buddhist Cave Temples', uniquely spanning both the Hinayana and Mahayana phases of art.

Active Recall

Question

How are the Ajanta caves divided chronologically?

Answer

They are divided into two phases: the early Hinayana phase (symbolic worship) and the later Mahayana phase (idol worship).

Core Insight

Ajanta remains the most comprehensive record of the evolution of Buddhist art in the Indian subcontinent over 800 years.