UPSC CSE Pre 2020

Medieval and Colonial Economic Systems

Authentic Past Paper Standard Evaluation

With reference to the history of India, consider the following pairs: 1. **Aurang:** In-charge of treasury of the State 2. **Banian:** Indian agent of the East India Company 3. **Mirasidar:** Designated payer to the State Which of the pairs given above is/are correctly matched?

Solution & Analysis

Answer: B

Concept Understanding the economic vocabulary of Medieval and Early Modern India is crucial to grasping the transition from local trade to the colonial economy. These terms represent various roles in trade, storage, and land ownership.

Explanation An Aurang is a Persian term for a warehouse where goods are stored before sale. Banians were influential Indian merchants who served as intermediaries or agents for European trading companies. Mirasidars were recognized as hereditary landowners and designated revenue payers under systems like Ryotwari.

Logical Breakup
Logic 1 (Pair 1): Incorrect. An 'Aurang' is a place (warehouse/workshop), not a person or treasury official.
Logic 2 (Pair 2): Correct. Banians were critical 'middle-men' who understood local markets and helped the East India Company conduct business.
Logic 3 (Pair 3): Correct. Mirasidars held hereditary rights to land and were the primary contact point for the state to collect land revenue.

Active Recall

Question

Why were 'Banians' essential for European merchants?

Answer

They bridge the gap between foreign traders and local producers, providing capital, market knowledge, and translation services.

Core Insight

Terminologies like Mirasidar reflect the shift from communal land use to individual ownership and state-monitored revenue collection.