UPPCS Mains 2005

Maratha Military History

Authentic Past Paper Standard Evaluation

Shivaji defeated the Mughals in the battle of:

Solution & Analysis

Answer: C

Concept While Shivaji was famous for guerrilla tactics, the Battle of Salher proved that the Maratha army could also defeat the Mughals in a massive, open-field pitched battle using traditional military formations.

Explanation In 1672, Shivaji’s generals, Moropant Pingle and Prataprao Gujar, defeated a large Mughal force at the Battle of Salher in the Nashik district. This was the first time the Marathas decisively beat the Mughals in a conventional open battle, significantly boosting Maratha prestige.

Logical Breakup
Logic 1: At Purandar, Shivaji was forced into a treaty; Raigarh and Shivner were forts rather than names of decisive open-field battle victories against the Mughals.
Logic 2: The victory at Salher allowed Shivaji to adopt the title of 'Chhatrapati' with greater authority, as it destroyed the myth of Mughal invincibility.

Active Recall

Question

What was the strategic importance of the Battle of Salher?

Answer

It was the first major open-field victory of the Marathas over the Mughals, proving they could win outside of guerrilla warfare.

Core Insight

The Battle of Salher marked the transition of the Maratha army from a rebellious band into a professional military machine capable of facing imperial armies.