[Solved] Folk Paintings of India: Pattachitra, Manjusha, Pithora

Consider the following statements related to the folk paintings of India:
Statement I: The themes of Pattachitra paintings are inspired from Jagannath and Vaishnav Cults.
Statement II: Manjusha paintings are executed on boxes of jute and paper.
Statement III: Pithora paintings are made by some tribal communities of Gujarat and Madhya Pradesh.

[Chhattisgarh P.C.S. (Pre) 2020]

Detailed Solution & Historical Context

Concept

Folk paintings in India are deeply rooted in regional rituals, mythology, and everyday storytelling, often using indigenous materials like jute, wood, or mud walls.

Authentic Source Evidence

Pattachitra (Odisha) is a cloth-based art centered on Lord Jagannath. Manjusha (Bihar/Bhagalpur) is a unique 'box' painting style associated with the Bihula-Bishahari legend. Pithora (Bhil/Bhilala tribes) is a wall-painting ritual featuring stylized horses and hills.

Analytical Breakdown

Logic 1: Statement I is correct; Pattachitra serves the Vaishnavite pilgrims of Puri.

Logic 2: Statement II is correct; Manjusha is unique because it is traditionally painted on paper and jute boxes used in rituals.

Logic 3: Statement III is correct; Pithora is a living ritual art of the tribes in the border regions of Gujarat and MP.

Conceptual Deep Dive & Logic

"What animal is the central motif in Pithora paintings?"

The horse, which represents the gods and the seven hills surrounding the tribal heartland.

Examiner's Mindset & Pro-Tip

"Folk art in India is not merely decorative; it is a functional part of the community’s spiritual and ritual life."

Topic Clusters (click to see related topic questions)

Vaishnavism 11