[Solved] When was Buddha elevated to God? | Kanishka's Reign

Gautama Buddha was elevated to the position of God during the period of-

[45th BPSC (Pre) 2001]

Detailed Solution & Historical Context

Concept

The transformation of Buddhism from an ethical philosophy to a devotional religion occurred with the rise of the Mahayana sect.

Authentic Source Evidence

Under the patronage of the Kushan Emperor Kanishka, the Fourth Buddhist Council was held, which formalized the Mahayana school. This school introduced the worship of Buddha as a deity (Bhagavan) and the concept of Bodhisattvas.

Analytical Breakdown

Logic 1: During Ashoka's time (Option A), Buddhism was primarily 'Theravada' or 'Hinayana', focusing on Buddha as a human teacher and using symbols (stupa, footprints) rather than idols.

Logic 2: Kanishka's reign saw the flourishing of the Gandhara and Mathura schools of art, which created the first anthropomorphic images of Buddha for worship.

Conceptual Deep Dive & Logic

"What was the main difference between Hinayana and Mahayana regarding the Buddha's nature?"

Hinayana viewed Buddha as a historical human teacher who attained enlightenment, while Mahayana viewed him as a transcendental god-like figure who could be worshipped for salvation.

Examiner's Mindset & Pro-Tip

"The deification of Buddha under Kanishka was a strategic shift that allowed Buddhism to compete with the rising devotional (Bhakti) trends in Hinduism."

Topic Clusters (click to see related topic questions)

Fourth Buddhist Council 6 Mahayana Buddhism 8 Gandhara Art 6