[Solved] Manipuri Sankirtana: Ritual Singing and Dance

With reference to Manipuri Sankirtana, consider the following statements:
1. It is a song and dance performance.
2. Cymbals are the only musical instruments used in the performance.
3. It is performed to narrate the life and deeds of Lord Krishna.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

[UPSC CSE Pre. 2017, GS Paper I]

Detailed Solution & Historical Context

Concept

Manipuri Sankirtana is a ritualistic performance that integrates music and dance to mark the life stages and religious cycles of the Meitei people.

Authentic Source Evidence

It was inscribed on the UNESCO Representative List of the Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity in 2013. It centers on the Vaishnava faith, particularly the lore of Krishna.

Analytical Breakdown

Logic 1: Statement 1 is correct; it is a composite art of ritual singing, drumming, and dancing.

Logic 2: Statement 2 is incorrect; while cymbals (Kartal) are used, the Pung (drum) is the heart of the performance.

Logic 3: Statement 3 is correct; it narrates the Leelas (deeds) of Krishna and Radha.

Conceptual Deep Dive & Logic

"In what settings is Sankirtana typically performed?"

It is performed in temples and domestic spaces to mark life events like births, weddings, and funerals.

Examiner's Mindset & Pro-Tip

"Sankirtana serves as a spiritual bridge, connecting the community to the divine through collective aesthetic experience."

Topic Clusters (click to see related topic questions)

Vaishnavism 11

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With reference to Manipuri Sankirtana, consider the following statements:1. It is a song and dance performance.2. Cymbals are the only musical instruments used in the performance.3. It is performed to narrate the life and deeds of Lord Krishna.Which of the statements given above is/are correct?