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Administrative Innovations in Medieval India

Matching Akbar, Tughluq, Iltutmish with Reforms

Correct matches: Akbar - Ain-i-Dahsala, Muhammad Tughluq - Token currency, Iltutmish - Chahalghani, and Sher Shah - Sadak-I-Azam.

Primary Reference: NCERT Class VII & XII

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Updated:

Match list-I with list-II and select the correct answer:
List-IList-II
A. Akbar1. Sadak-I-Azam
B. Muhammad Tughluq2. Chahalghani nobles
C. Iltutmish3. Ain-i-Dahsala
D. Sher Shah4. Token currency

[U.P.P.C.S. Pre 1997]

Detailed Solution & Historical Context

Concept


This question synthesizes various administrative, structural, and monetary reforms from across the Sultanate and Mughal periods.

Authentic Source Evidence


  • Akbar introduced the Ain-i-Dahsala (Ten-Year Settlement) system (A-3).

  • Muhammad Tughluq is infamous for his failed Token currency experiment (B-4).

  • Iltutmish formed the Chahalghani (Corps of Forty) elite nobles (C-2).

  • Sher Shah constructed the Sadak-I-Azam (Grand Trunk Road) (D-1).

    • Analytical Breakdown


  • Logic 1: Option B is the correct sequence. Akbar's revenue system and Sher Shah's road project are hallmark achievements in Indian history.

  • Logic 2: Iltutmish's consolidation of power via the Turkish slave-elite (Chahalghani) provided the military backbone of the early Sultanate.

    • Conceptual Deep Dive & Logic

    "What was the Ain-i-Dahsala?"

    It was a refined land revenue system where taxes were based on the average produce and prices of the preceding ten years.

    Examiner's Mindset & Pro-Tip

    "These reforms illustrate the evolution of the Indian state toward more scientific and systematic governance over 500 years."

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    Grand Trunk Road 2

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