Origins of Mysore, Arcot, and Rohilkhand Kingdoms

Concept

The 18th century in India was a period of political fragmentation. As the Mughal Empire and Vijayanagara collapsed, various regional powers emerged, some as former vassals and others as independent breakaway states.

Authentic Source Evidence

The Mysore Kingdom was originally a vassal state under the Vijayanagara Empire before becoming independent. The Nizamat of Arcot (Carnatic) was a protected territory but did not emerge out of Hyderabad as a breakaway. Rohilkhand arose in 1721 during the Mughal decline, long before the major annexations by Ahmad Shah Durrani.

Analytical Breakdown

Logic 1 (Statement 1): Incorrect. While Arcot was linked to Hyderabad, it was historically distinct and didn't 'emerge' from it in a structural sense like a split.

Logic 2 (Statement 2): Correct. The Wodeyars of Mysore were loyal vassals of Vijayanagara and took advantage of the empire's decline after the Battle of Talikota to assert sovereignty.

Logic 3 (Statement 3): Incorrect. Rohilkhand was formed by Ali Mohammed Khan in the 1720s from Mughal territories, whereas Ahmad Shah Durrani's major invasions happened much later in the mid-18th century.