[Solved] Ramanuja Teachings & Vishishtadvaita Philosophy Guide

The world's second tallest statue in sitting pose of Ramanuja was inaugurated by the Prime Minister of India at Hyderabad recently. Which one of the following statements correctly represents the teachings of Ramanuja?

[UPSC CSE Prelims 2022]

Detailed Solution & Historical Context

Concept

Sri Ramanujacharya was a 11th-century social reformer and philosopher who propagated 'Vishishtadvaita' (qualified monism) and emphasized Bhakti (devotion) as the bridge to the Divine.

Authentic Source Evidence

Historical records indicate Ramanuja was influenced by the Alvars and taught that intense devotion to Lord Vishnu was the path to Moksha. He advocated for social equality, suggesting that the grace of God is available to everyone regardless of caste.

Analytical Breakdown

Logic 1: Option A is correct because Ramanuja taught that 'Prapatti' (surrender) and 'Bhakti' (devotion) are the primary means to reach the supreme abode.

Logic 2: Option B relates more to the Purva Mimamsa school. Option C reflects the Nyaya school's logic-based approach. Option D (meditation) is more characteristic of Yoga or certain Buddhist traditions.

Conceptual Deep Dive & Logic

"What is the core difference between Ramanuja's and Shankara's philosophy?"

While Shankara advocated Advaita (Absolute Monism), Ramanuja proposed Vishishtadvaita, suggesting the individual soul and matter are distinct but inseparable parts of the Supreme Brahman.

Examiner's Mindset & Pro-Tip

"Ramanujacharya's philosophy was revolutionary because it democratized salvation by making spiritual liberation a matter of heart-felt devotion rather than just ritual or intellectual mastery."

Topic Clusters (click to see related topic questions)

Vishishtadvaita 2 Alvars 3

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