Sangam Ports of Western Coast | Tondi and Mushiri
Tondi and Mushiri (Muziris) were the primary Sangam period ports located on India's western coast, primarily serving the Chera kingdom's maritime trade.
Primary Reference: NCERT Class VI - Our Pasts I
Archived:
Updated:
Exam Year
2012
Evidence Source
Link ↗Which of the following Sangam ports were situated on the western coast?
1. Korkai
2. Puhar
3. Tondi
4. Mushiri
[U.P.P.C.S. Pre 2012]
Detailed Solution & Historical Context
Concept
During the Sangam period, the Tamilakam region had a flourishing maritime trade with the Roman Empire and Southeast Asia. Ports were strategically located on both the Malabar (Western) and Coromandel (Eastern) coasts.
Authentic Source Evidence
According to the Periplus of the Erythraean Sea and Sangam literature, Tyndis (Tondi) and Muziris (Mushiri) were major western ports located in present-day Kerala. Korkai and Puhar were eastern ports belonging to the Pandyas and Cholas respectively.
Analytical Breakdown
Conceptual Deep Dive & Logic
"What was the primary export from the western Sangam ports to Rome?"
Examiner's Mindset & Pro-Tip
"The western ports were the first point of contact for Greco-Roman traders, making them the wealthiest trade hubs of the early centuries AD."
Topic Clusters (click to see related topic questions)
Analysing authentic U.P.P.C.S. Preprevious year questions is non-negotiable for serious aspirants. Thoroughly decoding past exam trends related to Ancient and Early Medieval Maritime Trade helps you understand the examiner's mindset. Mastering specific entities like Sangam ports and Western coast ports builds the analytical intuition needed to clear the exam. Practice Previous Year Questions here →